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Transaction and concurrency

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  1. ColdFusion Developers Guide
  2. Develop ColdFusion applications
    1. Introducing ColdFusion
      1. Introducing ColdFusion
      2. About ColdFusion
      3. About Internet applications and web application servers
      4. About JEE and the ColdFusion architecture
    2. Changes in ColdFusion
      1. Changes in ColdFusion
      2. Replacement of JRun with Tomcat
      3. Security enhancements
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      6. ColdFusion ORM search for indexing and search
      7. Solr enhancements
      8. Scheduler enhancements
      9. Integration with Microsoft Exchange Server 2010
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      12. Web service enhancements
      13. Displaying geolocation
      14. Client-side charting
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      16. Server update using ColdFusion Administrator
      17. Secure Profile for ColdFusion Administrator
    3. Introduction to application development
      1. Introduction to application development using ColdFusion
      2. Using the Developing ColdFusion Applications guide
      3. About Adobe ColdFusion documentation for Developers
    4. The CFML programming language
      1. The CFML programming language
      2. Elements of CFML
      3. ColdFusion variables
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      6. Extend ColdFusion pages with CFML scripting
      7. Regular expressions in functions
      8. ColdFusion language enhancements
      9. Built-in functions as first class citizen
      10. Data types- Developing guide
    5. Building blocks of ColdFusion applications
      1. Building blocks of ColdFusion applications
      2. Create ColdFusion elements
      3. Write and call user-defined functions
      4. Build and use ColdFusion Components
      5. Create and use custom CFML tags
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      8. Object Oriented Programming in ColdFusion
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      1. Develop CFML applications
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      4. Use persistent data and locking
      5. Use ColdFusion threads
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      9. Debugging and Troubleshooting Applications
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      1. Mobile application development
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      7. Device detection
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    8. Access and use data
      1. Access and use data
      2. Introduction to Databases and SQL
      3. Access and retrieve data
      4. Update database
      5. Use Query of Queries
      6. Manage LDAP directories
      7. Solr search support
    9. ColdFusion ORM
      1. ColdFusion ORM
      2. Introducing ColdFusion ORM
      3. ORM architecture
      4. Configure ORM
      5. Define ORM mapping
      6. Work with objects
      7. ORM session management
      8. Transaction and concurrency
      9. Use HQL queries
      10. Autogenerate database schema
      11. Support for multiple data sources for ORM
      12. ColdFusion ORM search
    10. ColdFusion and HTML5
      1. ColdFusion and HTML 5
      2. Use ColdFusion Web Sockets
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      1. Flex and AIR integration in ColdFusion
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      1. ColdFusion portlets
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      1. Work with documents, charts, and reports
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        1. About charts
        2. Creating a basic chart
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        4. Controlling chart appearance
        5. Creating charts: examples
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        7. Writing a chart to a variable
        8. Linking charts to URLs
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      6. Create reports and documents for printing
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      8. Create slide presentations
    16. Use web elements and external objects
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When ORM methods are invoked without any transaction, all the data is committed to the database when the ORM session is flushed. ORM session is flushed whenORMFlush()is called or if autoflush is enabled when the request ends.

This works fine when there is not much concurrency, however in most practical scenarios you would need to use transaction in your application so that the data in your database is always in a consistent state.

With ColdFusion ORM, you can manage transactions in the following two ways:

 

  • Using Hibernate transaction: User has full control and ColdFusion does not intervene. The application has to flush/close the session and commit/rollback the transaction.

    For more information on transactions, go to the following URL:

    http://community.jboss.org/wiki/sessionsandtransactions

  • Using CFTransaction: ColdFusion manages the transaction. Since a transaction cannot be distributed (across different data sources), application must ensure that the changes made in the transaction affect only one Hibernate session. That is, only one data source.

    ColdFusion allows reading of data from other sessions (data source) in a transaction but changes must be made in only one session. Multiple dirty sessions at any time in the transaction can result in exceptions and the transaction is rolled back. Before transaction begins, all existing sessions in the request are flushed. The previous session (if any) is reused.

    When the transaction is committed, the dirty session is automatically flushed (before committing the transaction). When the transaction is rolled back, the changed session cannot be used any longer because it can cause rolled back data to get committed later. Therefore, the session participating in the transaction is cleared when transaction is rolled back.

A description of transaction is beyond the scope of this document. For more information on transactions, see the hibernate documentation.

To run the ORM methods inside a transaction, they must be inside<cftransaction>. A simple example snippet of using ORM with<cftransaction>is as follows:

<cftransaction> 
<cfset acct1 = EntityLoad("Account", "101")> 
<cfset acct2 = EntityLoad("Account", "102")> 
<cfset acct1.debit(1000)> 
<cfset acct2.credit(1000)> 
<cfset EntitySave(acct1)> 
<cfset EntitySave(acct2)> 
</cftransaction>

Because we have not called commit on the<cftransaction>specifically, it is automatically committed when the<cftransaction>ends.

All<cftransaction>semantics including savepoint, multiple rollbacks, multiple commits, and nested transactions work with ORM. You can also have both queries and ORM in the same<cftransaction>.

When<cftransaction>begins, any existing ORM session is flushed and closed, and a new ORM session is created. The<cftransaction>can be committed or rolled back using appropriate ColdFusion tags in<cftransaction>. When the transaction ends and has not been committed or rolled back explicitly, it is automatically committed and the ORM session is closed. If there is any error inside the transaction, without any exception handling, the transaction is rolled back.

For more details on<cftransaction>, see the CFML Reference Guide.

Note:

Even if ORMFlush() is called explicitly inside a <cftransaction> tag, the SQL runs but the data is committed only when the transaction commits.

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